Most health and nutrition experts agree that the mediterranean-type diet is one which is good for health, as it is not restrictive and includes many foods which are essential for good health.

The Lyon Diet Heart study, which was funded by the American Heart Association, looked at the mediterranean diet to determine if a controlled study showed that it prevented risk of heart disease. Not only did the study confirm this, but the study also showed that the mediterranean-type diet also lowered risk for many cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.

This is what the health experts say about this diet:

• American Heart Association approves of this diet
• American Cancer Society recommends this diet
• The Australian Heart Foundation approves of this diet
• Monash University endorses this diet
• The Cancer Council of Australia endorses this diet
• Diabetes Australia approves of this diet
• The Australian National Prescribing Service endorses this diet
• American Diabetes Association cautiously endorses this diet

“The Mediterranean diet may be really beneficial for heart heath and to help prevent certain cancers”

REFERENCES

1. The American Heart Association cautiously approves of this diet based on the Lyon Diet Heart study which was a randomised, controlled trial with over 600 people who had all survived a heart attack. About half of the subjects (302) were put on a Mediterranean-type diet and the other half of the subject, the control group (303) were given no dietary advice from the researchers but were asked by their doctors to follow a heart-smart diet. The results of this study (after 46 months, about 4 years) showed that the people on the Mediterranean-type diet had a 50–70 percent lower risk of recurrent heart disease (heart attack, stroke and death) than the control group. The Lyon Diet Heart study showed that even those people eating as per the mediterannean-type had high blood lipid levels, they still had much lower risk of heart disease than the control group
2. The American Cancer Society approves of this diet based on the results of the Lyon Diet Heart study, which showed that a Mediterranean-type diet lowers the risk of many cancers. Researchers noted that people in the Lyon study who ate the Mediterranean diet had fewer cancers of the throat, and urinary and digestive tracts, compared to those in the control group that were on a diet approved by the American Heart Association
3. The Australia Heart Foundation, based on the Lyon Diet Heart Study favours and approves of the mediterranean-type diet for the same reasons as the American Heart Association
4. Monash university, Melbourne endorses the mediterranean diet as one which helps to lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Monash university together with the Cancer council of Victoria conducted a 10 year study into the dietary patterns of about 40,000 people aged between 40-69 living in Melbourne
5. The Cancer Council of Victoria, based on the research (also known as Health 2020) conducted together with Monash University, endorses this diet as one which helps to significantly lower risk of certain gastrointestinal cancers
6. Diabetes Australia approves of a mediterranean-type diet to help reduce risk of developing type 2 diabetes
7. The National Prescribing Service in Australia approves of this diet for people at risk of heart disease, for people with heart disease and for anyone wanting to avoid heart disease, based on the results of the Lyon Diet Heart Study
8. The American Diabetes Association endorses this diet as one which helps to lower risk of diabetes and especially the complications associated with diabetes such as cardiovascular disease

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Various health and nutrition experts do favour any type of diet which limits processed foods high in sugar (high GI), but do not endorse diet which limit all carbohydrates (including fruits and vegetables) for any length of time as they are low in certain vital nutrients.

The following is what the experts have to say about low GI diets:

• Nutrition advice recommends eating all carbs, not just low GI
• American Heart Association does not endorse this diet
• The Australian Heart Foundation cautiously approves of low GI
• Nutrition Australia cautiously favours diets based on GI
• Nutrition Australia does not endorse this diet over the long term

“The safety and health effects of high fat, high protein diets are not yet know, which suggests caution to be used when embarking on these diets”

REFERENCES

1. The Australian Heart Foundation (AHF) advises that they have reservations about the initial weight loss through the severe restriction of many carbohydrates – the AHF recommends all nutrient-rich and natural carbohydrates should be eaten and not restricted
2. The American Heart Association (AHA) currently (as at 10 January 2008) does not recommend any of the high protein diets that are popular today, as the AHA believes that these diets can cause a multitude of health problems and may not even provide all the nutrients required to keep the human body healthy. The AMA recommends no more than 35% of total daily calories from fat (of which only 7% of calories should be from saturated fats). The AMA also advocates the intake of all carbohydrates from fruits, vegetables and grains to ensure there are adequate levels of all the nutrients in the diet
3. The Australian Heart Foundation does not recommend very low carbohydrate diet, especially if they are higher than the recommended 7% of saturated fat, as long term diets due to the possible health risks, especially of the heart and cardiovascular system, but cautiously approves this diet as long as the carbohydrate content is about 50% of the diet and more fruits, vegetables and grains are incorporated into the diet
4. Nutrition Australia favours diets based on glycemic index. While Nutrition Australia does cautiously approve of this diet, there is some reservation about the first part of the diet which is severely restrictive of carbohydrates
5. Nutrition Australia does not recommend this diet over the longer term, as the possible health risks have not yet been tested and identified with high protein, low carbohydrate, low GI diets and advises caution. Nutrition Australia also advises that this diet is deficient in carbohydrate foods and dietary fibre, which means certain vital nutrients will not be taken in. If carbohydrate intake is increased to about 50% (which is recommended by the Sugar Busters diet), then this diet starts to align more closely to the current nutritional advice and would be recommended

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The South Beach diet was formulated by Dr Arthur Agatston, a cardiologist (a heart specialist) who created this diet initially just for his patients (he released the diet worldwide later), so the basis of this diet lies in helping obese people with heart and vascular problems get healthier with the focus on low GI foods and banning (or at least severely restricting) processed foods that cause a high spike in blood glucose levels and cause fat to be accumulated and thus have a negative impact on the heart and rest of body. Because of this, most health and nutrition experts do cautiously favour this diet as it has many of the ingredients of the recommended and healthy diet.

The main comments from health experts are as follows:

• Nutrition Australia cautiously favours diets based on GI
• Nutrition advice recommends eating all carbs, not just low GI
• Australian Heart Foundation cautiously favours diets based on GI
• Initial weight loss is not recommended by nutritionists
• The Cleveland Clinic cautiously recommends this diet
• The American Dietetic Association cautiously favours this diet
• American Heart Association does not totally endorse this diet

REFERENCES

1. Nutrition Australia favours diets based on glycemic index. While Nutrition Australia does cautiously approve of this diet, there is some reservation about the first part of the diet which is severely restrictive of carbohydrates
2. The Australian Heart Foundation (AHF) cautiously approves of diets that are rich in fruits, vegetables and grains, low saturated fat and lean meat, such as the South Beach diet. There are reservations about the initial weight loss through the severe restriction of many carbohydrates – the AHF recommends all nutrient-rich and natural carbohydrates should be eaten and not restricted
3. The initial weight loss of up yo 7kg (13lb) is not recommended by dieticians as a healthy weight loss, due to the fact that it is mostly water and can disturb electrolyte balance in the body
4. The Cleveland Clinic and the American Dietetic Association cautiously approve of this diet with the focus on low fat protein, low glycemic carbohydrates in fruits, vegetables and whole grains, together with healthy unsaturated fat as these are the basis of a healthy diet. The only hesitation that these two organisations have is the amount of weight lost in the initial phase, which is mainly due to water loss and this could disturb electrolyte balance. In addition to this, when high GI foods are combined with low GI foods, the final GI load becomes low-medium and is recommended. They recommend working closely with a dietician or doctor to tailor this diet to each individual’s health needs and ensure weight lost is in a gradual manner
5. The American Heart Association (AHA) currently (as at 10 January 2008) does not recommend any of the high protein diets that are popular today, as the AHA believes that these diets can cause a multitude of health problems and may not even provide all the nutrients required to keep the human body healthy. The AMA recommends no more than 35% of total daily calories from fat (of which only 7% of calories should be from saturated fats). The AMA also advocates the intake of all carbohydrates from fruits, vegetables and grains to ensure there are adequate levels of all the nutrients in the diet

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The Pritikin diet is one of the better diets which adheres to the main principles of good nutrition – plenty of fibre from vegetables, wholegrain, fruits, some low fat protein and less saturated fat. The medical community is divided on the amount of fat in the diet with some suggestions that what is recommended (10%) may be too little as there are some vitamins which need fat to be absorbed properly.

The Pritikin diet focus on wholegrains and plant foods is a plus as all medical and nutrition experts agree that these should form the basis of a healthy diet, as they provide a great deal of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants and photochemicals that are essential for good health and preventing some diseases.

In general, the following is what the experts have to say about the Pritikin diet:

• The American Heart Association recommends this diet
• The Australian Heart Foundation recommends this diet
• The American Cancer Society recommends this diet
• Nutrition Australia recommends this diet

“A diet with lots of vegetables, fruit, wholegrains, some protein and is low in saturated fat is very healthy”

REFERENCES

1. The American Heart Association (AHA) recommends diets based on plant-based foods (such as vegetables, fruit and wholegrains), with some protein intake and low fat intake. The AHA has a report: Rigorous, short-term diet-exercise program lowers heart disease risk, which outlines the health effects of a diet such as the Pritikin diet combined with exercise to significantly reduce heart disease risk
2. For obese people with high triglyceride and cholesterol levels, the Australian Heart Foundation recommends eating mainly plant-based foods including wholegrain cereals such as oats, bread, pasta, noodles and rice, vegetables, fruit and legumes i.e. dried peas (e.g. split peas), dried beans (e.g. haricot beans, kidney beans), canned beans (e.g. baked beans, three bean mix) and lentils and avoiding refined carbohydrates, which is exactly what the Pritikin diet also recommends
3. Katan MB, Grundy SM, Willett WC. Should a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet be recommended for everyone? Beyond low-fat diets. N Engl J Med 1997;337:563–66. Accessed on 17 January 2008. This article shows the association between the dietary intake of fat and cholesterol and the extent of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease
4. The American Cancer Society recommends a high-carbohydrate, low-fat diet as a way to prevent cancers of gastrointestinal, respiratory and reproductive systems, as there is strong medical research evidence that this type of diet lowers the risk of those types of cancers
5. Nutrition Australia recommends this diet because it consists of a high intake of plant-based foods (vegetables, fruits, wholegrain, legumes), a low intake of protein and low intake of fat, describing the Pritikin diet as “health-promoting overall and is likely to reduce both weight and the risk of heart disease”

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There are few health experts or health organisations which recommend this diet (and associated supplements and face/body lotions) as the diet to aspire to. Health experts criticise this diet for being too low in fruit and too low in grains, which both provide a multitude of important vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients that are not often available in the same levels in other foods.

The other criticism about this diet is that the focus is on wild Alaskan salmon as the main staple of the diet and that this diet is not suitable for people who are vegans and lacto-ovo vegetarians, which means this diet is not flexible and not for everyone. While this diet has some really great points (increasing intake of omega-3 fatty acids to reduce inflammation and reduce risk of any heart disease), this diet is not the most suitable diet for everyone.

The following is what the experts have to say about the Perricone diet:

• American Heart Association does not recommend this diet
• American Cancer Society does not recommend this diet
• John Hopkins School of Medicine does not recommend this diet
• Current clinical trial underway to determine safety over 4 years
• The Australian Heart Foundation doesn’t endorse low carb diets

REFERENCES

1. The American Heart Association (AHA) currently (as at 10 January 2008) does not recommend any of the high protein diets that are popular today, as the AHA believes that these diets can cause a multitude of health problems and may not even provide all the nutrients required to keep the human body healthy. The AMA recommends no more than 35% of total daily calories from fat (of which only 7% of calories should be from saturated fats)
2. St Jeor ST, Howard BV, Prewitt TE, Bovee V, Bazzarre T, Eckel RH for the AHA Nutrition Committee. Dietary Protein and Weight Reduction: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association. An AHA Science Advisory. Circulation, 2001;104:1869-1874. Accessed on 10 January 2008
3. The American Cancer Society (ACS). Weighing In on Low-Carb Diets, 2007. Accessed on 10 January 2008. The ACS nutritionist Colleen Doyle, MS, RD states that a low carbohydrate diet, such as the Perricone diet, can be a high-risk option when it comes to health, warning people on this diet that their eating habits may increase the risk of developing cancer later in life
4. John Hopkins School of Medicine. Weight Loss and Dieting – The Shortcomings of Fad Diets: Nutrition and Weight Control Special Report, 6 April 2006. Accessed on 10 January 2008. The John Hopkins School of Medicine questions the benefits of high protein diets, expresses concern about the health risks of these diets and recommends more studies, especially longer term, to determine the viability and health benefits or risks of these diets
5. National Institutes of Health – ClinicalTrials.gov. Effectiveness of a Low Carbohydrate Diet Versus a High Carbohydrate Diet in Promoting Weight Loss and Improved Health. Ongoing clinical trial from April 2005 – June 2009 with 240 participants. This study will look at the effects of a low carbohydrate diet versus a high carbohydrate diet on weight loss over a longer period (of four years). The study also aims to measure the risk of cardiovascular disease (blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels as well as blood pressure levels), bone health, kidney function and endocrine (insulin and glucose in particular) mechanisms over the course of the study in both groups. The sponsor of this clinical trial is the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM)
6. The Australian Heart Foundation does not recommend very low carbohydrate diet, especially if they are higher than the recommended 7% of saturated fat, as long term diets due to the possible health risks, especially of the heart and cardiovascular system

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Most health and nutrition experts agree that the mediterranean-type diet is one which is good for health, as it is not restrictive and includes many foods which are essential for good health.

The Lyon Diet Heart study, which was funded by the American Heart Association, looked at the mediterranean diet to determine if a controlled study showed that it prevented risk of heart disease. Not only did the study confirm this, but the study also showed that the mediterranean-type diet also lowered risk for many cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.

This is what the health experts say about this diet:

• American Heart Association approves of this diet
• American Cancer Society recommends this diet
• The Australian Heart Foundation approves of this diet
• Monash University endorses this diet
• The Cancer Council of Australia endorses this diet
• Diabetes Australia approves of this diet
• The Australian National Prescribing Service endorses this diet
• American Diabetes Association cautiously endorses this diet

“The Mediterranean diet may be really beneficial for heart heath and to help prevent certain cancers”

REFERENCES

1. The American Heart Association cautiously approves of this diet based on the Lyon Diet Heart study which was a randomised, controlled trial with over 600 people who had all survived a heart attack. About half of the subjects (302) were put on a Mediterranean-type diet and the other half of the subject, the control group (303) were given no dietary advice from the researchers but were asked by their doctors to follow a heart-smart diet. The results of this study (after 46 months, about 4 years) showed that the people on the Mediterranean-type diet had a 50–70 percent lower risk of recurrent heart disease (heart attack, stroke and death) than the control group. The Lyon Diet Heart study showed that even those people eating as per the mediterannean-type had high blood lipid levels, they still had much lower risk of heart disease than the control group
2. The American Cancer Society approves of this diet based on the results of the Lyon Diet Heart study, which showed that a Mediterranean-type diet lowers the risk of many cancers. Researchers noted that people in the Lyon study who ate the Mediterranean diet had fewer cancers of the throat, and urinary and digestive tracts, compared to those in the control group that were on a diet approved by the American Heart Association
3. The Australia Heart Foundation, based on the Lyon Diet Heart Study favours and approves of the mediterranean-type diet for the same reasons as the American Heart Association
4. Monash university, Melbourne endorses the mediterranean diet as one which helps to lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Monash university together with the Cancer council of Victoria conducted a 10 year study into the dietary patterns of about 40,000 people aged between 40-69 living in Melbourne
5. The Cancer Council of Victoria, based on the research (also known as Health 2020) conducted together with Monash University, endorses this diet as one which helps to significantly lower risk of certain gastrointestinal cancers
6. Diabetes Australia approves of a mediterranean-type diet to help reduce risk of developing type 2 diabetes
7. The National Prescribing Service in Australia approves of this diet for people at risk of heart disease, for people with heart disease and for anyone wanting to avoid heart disease, based on the results of the Lyon Diet Heart Study
8. The American Diabetes Association endorses this diet as one which helps to lower risk of diabetes and especially the complications associated with diabetes such as cardiovascular disease

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There have so far been no randomised (double blind or otherwise) studies to test the effectiveness of the Macrobiotic diet to reduce risk of cancer nor to cure cancer yet, although there is one in progress at present. The study, funded by the American Institutes of Health, Office of Alternative Medicine will look at the macrobiotic diet and its role (if any) in helping to prevent cancer.

• The American Cancer Society cautiously recommends diet
• Nutrition Australia cautiously approves of this diet
• American Dietetic Association cautiously approves of this diet
• Dieticians Canada cautiously approves of this diet

“Most nutrition and health experts are cautiously in favour of a diet that promotes wholegrains, fresh fruit and vegetables, pulses and less saturated fats, but advise that proper dietetic consultation is required to ensure there are no nutritional deficiencies by using this diet”

REFERENCES

1. The American Cancer Society’s (ACS) nutrition guidelines recommend eating a balanced diet that includes five or more servings a day of vegetables and fruit, choosing whole grains over processed and refined foods, and limiting red meats and animal fats in order to help reduce cancer risk. These guidelines are within the broad recommendations of the macrobiotic diet. The ACS does caution people against following a strict macrobiotic diet that does not include enough protein foods, as they could be dangerous for people with cancer, whose nutritional requirements are different due to their specific condition. The ACS also cautions people about going on a strict vegetarian diet, as it requires careful planning to avoid nutritional deficiencies from lack of certain nutrients.
2. Nutrition Australia cautiously approve of the less restrictive type of macrobiotic diet, which may be closer to the recommended pattern of food intake for good health. People that want to consider a macrobiotic diet need to consult a registered dietician to ensure they are getting all the recommended levels of all the vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fats, carbohydrates and protein to maintain health
3. The American Dietetics Association cautiously approves of this diet, as long as it is not the restrictive type of macrobiotic diet. The American Dietetic Association position statement is that appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate, and provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases.
4. Dieticians Canada cautiously approves of this diet, as long as it is not the restrictive type of macrobiotic diet. Dieticians Canada position statement is that appropriately planned vegetarian diets are healthful, nutritionally adequate, and provide health benefits in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases.
5. The American National Institutes of Health, Office of Alternative Medicine has funded a pilot study to determine if a macrobiotic diet may prevent cancer. This study has been completed (June 2008) but the results of the study are not yet available.

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While experts favour the focus of fruits, vegetables and grains in the Low GI diet, they are generally more skeptical of the diet itself, as it is largely unproven and in addition to this, it is difficult to determine the GI (and GL) of a meal, even if each of the individual component foods are known, as there are so many factors in the final GI level, including (but not limited to):

1. How long the food was cooked
2. If the food was in season
3. How ripe the food was when picked
4. Which country the food originated from
5. The individual’s body chemistry and how they digest and absorb the food

Most experts agree with the basic premise of the low GI diet – to eat enough fruits, vegetables and grains that will provide a stead release of glucose in the blood stream and will ensure there is a steady level of insulin and this is the review of this diet:

• Nutrition Australia favours this diet over other low carb diets
• John Hopkins School of Medicine does not endorse this diet
• Australian Heart Foundation cautiously favours diets based on GI
• The Cleveland Clinic cautiously recommends this diet
• The American Dietetic Association cautiously favours this diet
• American Heart Association does not totally endorse this diet

“Low GI does not necessarily mean low fat and healthy for you”

REFERENCES

1. Nutrition Australia, which is Australia’s official nutrition and dietetic association generally favours this diet more than any of the other low carbohydrate, high protein diets (such as Atkins, the Zone and South Beach diets), but Nutrition Australia does not yet endorse this diet, as there has been no research over the longer term on the health benefits and health risks of this diet
2. The John Hopkins School of Medicine views the glycemic index as a useful tool, but does not recommend this diet as a realistic one, instead advising people to disregard the glycemic index on packaging and recommending to people they ensure to eat enough of all natural fruits, vegetables and wholegrains each day as recommended by the national nutritional experts. It is also noted that when a high GI food is eaten with a lower GI food, the net GI of the meal becomes medium GI
3. The Australian Heart Foundation (AHF) cautiously approves of diets that are rich in fruits, vegetables and grains, low saturated fat and lean meat, such as the South Beach diet. There are reservations about the initial weight loss through the severe restriction of many carbohydrates – the AHF recommends all nutrient-rich and natural carbohydrates should be eaten and not restricted
4. The Cleveland Clinic and the American Dietetic Association cautiously approve of this diet with the focus on low fat protein, low glycemic carbohydrates in fruits, vegetables and whole grains, together with healthy unsaturated fat as these are the basis of a healthy diet. The only hesitation that these two organisations have is the amount of weight lost in the initial phase, which is mainly due to water loss and this could disturb electrolyte balance. In addition to this, when high GI foods are combined with low GI foods, the final GI load becomes low-medium and is recommended. They recommend working closely with a dietician or doctor to tailor this diet to each individual’s health needs and ensure weight lost is in a gradual manner
5. The American Heart Association (AHA) currently (as at 10 January 2008) does not recommend any of the high protein diets that are popular today, as the AHA believes that these diets can cause a multitude of health problems and may not even provide all the nutrients required to keep the human body healthy. The AMA recommends no more than 35% of total daily calories from fat (of which only 7% of calories should be from saturated fats). The AMA also advocates the intake of all carbohydrates from fruits, vegetables and grains to ensure there are adequate levels of all the nutrients in the diet

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Most nutrition and health experts warn against trying a diet like this, as it could potentially be very dangerous to health, especially for people with any type of health condition.

All nutrition and health experts agree that part of the pre-fast diet is actually healthy and recommended – removing confectionary, processed foods, high fat, deep fried foods and stimulants such as caffeine and cigarettes. Nutrition and health experts do not agree with the elimination of all dairy, meat and animal products from the diet, especially for people who do not understand how to combine non-meat food sources to get a complete protein.

This diet is not recommended by any current health and nutrition experts. The following is what experts have to say about the juicing-fasting diet:

• No scientific evidence to recommend this type of diet
• Nutrition Australia does not approve of this diet
• The American Dietetic Association does not endorse this diet
• The Vegetarian Network of Australia does not endorse this diet
• Australian Heart Foundation does not endorse this diet
• The American Heart Association does not recommend this diet

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Many health experts criticise this diet for being too high in protein and it also does not provide a suitable alternative for non-meat eaters. There has also been criticism that a lot of the research that led to the CSIRO Total Wellbeing diet, was funded by Dairy Australia and Meat and Livestock Australia and even though the researchers have stated that the funding group had no influence over the outcome of the diet, this is still one of the main criticisms.

The other main criticism is the large amount of meat required to be eaten in the diet at all stages and especially in the first stage. There are well publicised findings about the possible health risks (especially cardiovascular health and bowel health, with some health experts warning that high protein intake from meat may be a risk to the development of bowel cancer).

This is what the health experts say about this diet:

• Nutrition Australia favours this diet over other high protein diets
• The American Heart Association does not recommend this diet
• American Cancer Society does not recommend this diet
• John Hopkins School of Medicine does not recommend this diet
• Australian Heart Foundation doesn’t endorse high protein diets
• The Vegetarian Network of Australia does not endorse this diet

“High protein diets are not recommended by most health experts today, but more clinical trials are required to determine safety of this diet over the longer term”

REFERENCES

1. Nutrition Australia, which is Australia’s official nutrition and dietetic association generally favours this diet more than any of the other low carbohydrate, high protein diets (such as Atkins, the Zone and South Beach diets), but Nutrition Australia does not endorse this diet, as there has been no research over the longer term on the health benefits and health risks of this diet
2. The American Heart Association (AHA) currently (as at 10 January 2008) does not recommend any of the high protein diets that are popular today, as the AHA believes that these diets can cause a multitude of health problems and may not even provide all the nutrients required to keep the human body healthy. The AMA recommends no more than 35% of total daily calories from fat (of which only 7% of calories should be from saturated fats)
3. St Jeor ST, Howard BV, Prewitt TE, Bovee V, Bazzarre T, Eckel RH for the AHA Nutrition Committee. Dietary Protein and Weight Reduction: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association. An AHA Science Advisory. Circulation, 2001;104:1869-1874. Accessed on 10 January 2008
4. The American Cancer Society (ACS). Weighing In on Low-Carb Diets, 2007. Accessed on 10 January 2008. The ACS nutritionist Colleen Doyle, MS, RD states that a low carbohydrate diet, such as the Atkins diet, can be a high-risk option when it comes to health, warning people on this diet that their eating habits may increase the risk of developing cancer later in life
5. John Hopkins School of Medicine. Weight Loss and Dieting – The Shortcomings of Fad Diets: Nutrition and Weight Control Special Report, 6 April 2006. Accessed on 10 January 2008. The John Hopkins School of Medicine questions the benefits of high protein diets, expresses concern about the health risks of these diets and recommends more studies, especially longer term, to determine the viability and health benefits or risks of these diets
6. The Australian Heart Foundation does not recommend very low carbohydrate high protein diets, especially if they are higher than the recommended 7% of saturated fat, as long term diets due to the possible health risks, especially of the heart and cardiovascular system
7. The Australian Vegetarian Network does not endorse or recommend this diet as it is not suitable for non-meat eaters (any type of vegetarians)

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